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Commercial speech is a US legal term relating to speech done on behalf of a company or individual for the intent of making a profit. It is economic in nature and usually has the intent of convincing the audience to partake in a particular action, often purchasing a specific product. Generally, the United States Supreme Court defines commercial speech as speech that "proposes a commercial transaction." Additionally, the Court developed a three factor inquiry in determining whether speech is commercial in ''Bolger v. Youngs Drug Products''; however, those factors have yet to be utilized in any other Supreme Court case dealing with commercial speech. The idea of "Commercial Speech" was first introduced by the Supreme Court when it upheld ''Valentine v. Chrestensen'' (1942). In upholding the regulation, the Supreme Court said, "We are … clear that the Constitution imposes … no restraint on government as respects purely commercial advertising." In a 1978 decision, ''Ohralik v. Ohio State Bar Ass'n'', the Court offered this defense: There are those on the Supreme Court that disagree with this "common-sense" distinction, though. Justice Clarence Thomas replied, in ''44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island'' (1996), that "I do not see a philosophical or historical basis for asserting that 'commercial' speech is of 'lower value' than 'noncommercial' speech." Federal judge Alex Kozinski stated, in regard to the 1942 ruling, "the Supreme Court plucked the commercial speech doctrine out of thin air." == See also == * Free Speech * First Amendment to the United States Constitution * ''Anonymous Online Speakers v. United States District Court for the District of Nevada'' * Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp. v. Public Service Commission 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Commercial speech」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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